Dance
Natya, Nritya & Nritta
Nayaka-Nayika
Abhinaya
Rasa-Bhava
Dashavatar
Mărgi - Desi
Tăndava-Lăsya
Nătya Shăstra

Bhava

» Bhava:




The literal meaning of Bhava is becoming or being or that which becomes ('bhoo', bhav, i.e., to become).

In dance, it would indicate the emotional and the existing conditions or the emotional state of the character portrayed. So when the bhavas are perceived and the true appreciation of the beauty of art happens , then the Rasa is born. So Bhavas become Rasa. But Rasa cannot become Bhava.



Sthayi Bhava



Sthayi Bhava is the permanent or the established state of mind. It is the emotive state of mind which persists through all the stages of action in dance/drama. It is inborn in man's heart and exists permanently in th mind of every man.



Vibhava



Vibhava is the determinant or the physical cause of the basic emotinal/mental state. Vibhava is represented through two aspects -


a) Alambana (fundamental determinant) : The object or the character which is primarily responsible for the arousal of emotions. Eg, Shakuntala becomes the object of love for Dushyanta and hence is the the Alambana Vibhava.

b) Uddipana (excitant determinant) : The environment or the entire surrounding which enhances the emotive effect of the object which primarily stimulates emotion. Eg, the entire forest scene with beautiful hermitage garden at its centre and pleasant , gentle breeze , sunshine and sweet companions of Shakuntala which enhance her beauty are the Uddipana Vibhav.



Anubhava



Anubhava are the indications or consequents. They are the physical changes and movements which are inspired by the aroused basic mental state and communicate the emotion portrayed. There are Voluntary physical changes ;eg, movement of eyes, eyebrows and Involuntary physical changes (Satvikabhavas) which spring from the involvement of mind; eg, romanch, vepathu (trembling/shivering), vaivarnya (change of colour) etc



Vyabhicharibhava



Vyabhicharibhavas are the transient moods or fleeting emotions in contrast and leading to and strengthening the established state , that is, the Sthayibhava. Eg, weakness, nirveda, envy, etc. According to Bharata there are 33 Vyabhicharibhavas.




These trasitory states are: Nirveda (detachment), Glani (weakness), Shanka (Apprehension), Asuya (envy), Mada (intoxication), Shrama (fatigue), Alasya (indolence), Dainya (depression), Chinta (anxiety), Moha (delusion), Smriti (recollection), Dhriti (contentment), Vrida (shame), Chapalata (agility), Harsha (joy), Avega (agitation), Jadata (stupor), Garva (arrogance), Vishada (despair), Autsukya (longing/yearning), Nidra (sleep/slumber), Apasmara (epilepsy), Supta (dream), Vibodh (awakening), Amarsha (indignation), Avahittha (dissimulation), Ugrata (violence), Mati (intellect), Vyadhi (disease), Unmada (insanity), Marana (death), Trasa (terror) and Vitarka (deliberation).





Rasa

Navarasas